As more people use cellphones and email, prosecutors increasingly are using tools for monitoring those communications in criminal investigations
/A federal judge's recent unsealing of a secret government request for electronic monitoring shines a light on how such applications are kept hidden from the public long after criminal cases that result from them are closed.
The Sept. 2 order, by U.S. District Judge Nelva Gonzales Ramos, came after Dow Jones & Co., publisher of The Wall Street Journal, filed motions in a Texas federal court to unseal 14 cases as part of an investigation into the confidentiality of such surveillance applications.
The unsealed request for monitoring, involving a drug-trafficking case, was filed on Oct. 30, 2007. It sought approval for a "pen register," a common surveillance tool that records dialed phone numbers and Internet addresses. The subject named in the application pleaded guilty to conspiracy to engage in money laundering and was sentenced in 2012 to two years, nine months in prison.
As more people use cellphones and email, prosecutors increasingly are using tools for monitoring those communications in criminal investigations. Federal courts allowed a pen register 18,760 times in 2012, more than triple that in 2003, Justice Department data show.
The government also routinely asks that the applications for such matters be sealed, a move that ends up keeping documents permanently secret in courts across America. Though judges have long kept matters from the public in national-security cases and continuing probes, the spreading move to permanent secrecy of more commonplace criminal cases contradicts a long U.S. tradition of open courts, according to some legal specialists.
"The broader message here is that the government is keeping stuff sealed too long even if it had a basis for sealing stuff initially," said Brian Owsley, a former magistrate judge who initially sealed the Texas case at issue and now is an assistant law professor at Indiana Tech Law School.
The U.S. maintains that long-term secrecy surrounding electronic-surveillance matters is paramount, even if the criminal cases that stem from it are resolved or closed. Without explanation, the government didn't oppose the application recently unsealed. A Justice Department spokesman declined to comment on the case but said as a general matter that sealing requests is "an individualized process."
